A bow-shot from the city of Hebron, says Philippus, is ‘a cave or crypt in which Adam and his wife did penance for a hundred years after the death of their son Abel’. The landscapes and sites that are described are those of the Bible itself: numinous, immemorial and unchanged. One of the most striking things about such guides, to the modern mind, is the lack of a sense of history. As the crusades inevitably re-opened pilgrimage routes to the east, so they brought forth many more examples of the genre, most notably, perhaps, those ascribed to Philippus Brusserius Savonensis in the 14th century and Felix Fabbri in the 15th. Pilgrim itineraries survive from the fourth century, including one written by an Abbess Etheria from Gaul, who crossed both the western and eastern Roman Empires to reach Jerusalem, before continuing on into Egypt. It was by no means the first of its kind. The book in question, Informacion for Pylgrymes unto the Holy Londe, based on the travels of a group of some 40 English pilgrims, was published by Wynkyn de Worde in 1498. This thought occurred to me as I flicked through an example of one of the least explored literary genres of the early modern and medieval world: the pilgrims’ travel guide. It is easy to forget that, for all but a handful of our ancestors, most of their world was no less foreign to them than it is to us, a place of wonder, discomfort and fear, where misapprehensions could quickly proliferate like flies in the heat. Perhaps our search for continuities is in itself a tacit acknowledgement of the voids and spaces we try so hard to ignore as we peer at the vanishing horizon behind us. It is difficult not to look on the alienness of the past as indiscriminately and equally estranged from us just as the ancient Greeks were indifferent to the infinite distinctions among those they labeled barbaros – ‘barbarians’, which in essence means ‘those who cannot speak Greek’ – so the past can begin to seem homogeneously foreign, lost in translation. And, as such, like all cliches it obscures as much as it reveals. They do things differently there.’ Like all elegantly expressed truths it quickly became a cliche. Hartley’s 1953 novel The Go-Between: ‘The past is a foreign country. Accesat în 18 noiembrie 2008.We are all familiar with the opening line of L.P. ^ a b c d e f 3 Vulgar Videos from Hell.Australian Recording Industry Association. ^ „ARIA Charts - Accreditations - 2006 DVD”.Arhivat din original la 20 februarie 2008. ^ „Certified Awards: Pantera - Far Beyond Driven”.^ „Certified Awards: Pantera - Vulgar Display of Power”.Arhivat din original la 11 ianuarie 2016. ^ a b „CRIA - Search Certification Database”.^ „ARIA Charts - Accreditations - 1997 Albums”.^ „Certified Awards: Pantera - Cowboys from Hell”.Recording Industry Association of America. ^ a b c d e f g h i j „Gold & Platinum - ”.Arhivat din originalul de la 19 ianuarie 2013.
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